Overweight and obesity has reached epidemic proportions and the number of individuals living with components of the metabolic syndrome is increasing.[1] In parallel with rises in obesity, the number of persons living with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is also rising.[2] Understanding how these individuals should be managed is a challenge to contemporary health systems. With increasing complexity and specialisation, there is a risk that care becomes increasingly single-organ focused and perspectives of the overall outcomes for patients will be lost.

Overweight and obesity has reached epidemic proportions and the number of individuals living with components of the metabolic syndrome is increasing.[1] In parallel with rises in obesity, the number of persons living with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is also rising.[2] Understanding how these individuals should be managed is a challenge to contemporary health systems. With increasing complexity and specialisation, there is a risk that care becomes increasingly single-organ focused and perspectives of the overall outcomes for patients will be lost.

Anticancer immunotherapy has revolutionised the standards of care for patients with unresectable advanced hepatocellular cancer (HCC). As of 2025, at least four immunotherapy combination approaches have been recommended for clinical use in the first-line setting, based on a clear improvement in overall survival compared to tyrosine kinase inhibitors.1